001 INTRODUCTION TO THE ESSENTIALS OF CHEMISTRY
This non-credit course is designed primarily for students needing an introduction to chemical principles, as preparation for first year chemistry. Basic chemical principles are introduced in relation to everyday applications, including industry and the environment. Topics include: matter and energy; elements and atoms; nomenclature and chemical reactions; electron arrangements in atoms; chemical quantities and calculations; acids and bases; and gases. Classes will be augmented by laboratory demonstrations. This course is required for those students planning to take Chemistry 111 and who do not have Grade 12 Academic Chemistry.

111 GENERAL CHEMISTRY I
This course emphasizes the fundamentals of chemistry. Topics include: atoms, molecules and ions; stoichiometry; mass relations; gases and their behaviour; electronic structure and the periodic table; covalent bonding and molecular geometry; and thermochemistry. The laboratory associated with this course stresses stoichiometry, qualitative analysis, atomic spectroscopy and thermochemistry.
PREREQUISITE: Grade XII Chemistry, Chemistry 001 or the permission of the Chair in special cases
Three lecture hours a week; one three-hour laboratory period or tutorial a week

112 GENERAL CHEMISTRY II
This course continues the subject matter of Chemistry 111. Topics include: chemical equilibrium, acids and bases, intermolecular forces, solutions, chemical kinetics, entropy and Gibbs energy, redox equations and electrochemistry. The laboratory associated with this course stresses volumetric analysis, titration curves and chemical kinetics.
PREREQUISITE: Chemistry 111
Three lecture hours a week; one three-hour laboratory period or tutorial a week

202 ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY
This course deals with the major topics of concern in environmental chemistry. Emphasis is placed on the chemistry involved, as well as assessment of the relative hazards and corrective methods available to provide abatement. Topics covered include: atmospheric free radical chemistry, the green- house effect, stratospheric ozone, tropospheric chemistry and photochemical smog, the chemistry of natural water systems, acid rain, indoor air quality, sewage and waste management, chlorinated organic compounds, and heavy metals in the environment.
PREREQUISITE: Chemistry 112
Three lecture hours a week & three laboratories during the term (scheduled during the first class)

221 ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
The treatment of analytical data and the estimation of experimental error are considered in detail. Chemical equilibrium, rate and equilibrium constants, abundance and titration curves, complexometric and redox reactions are discussed. The Beer-Lambert law and colorimetry are also examined. The laboratory work includes a selection of gravimetric, volumetric and colorimetric techniques relevant to the theory discussed.
PREREQUISITE: Chemistry 112
Three lecture hours and four laboratory hours a week

231 PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY I
This is an introductory course that deals with the topics of kinetic theory, introductory thermodynamics and thermo- chemistry, phase diagrams, conductivity, electrochemistry and introductory reaction kinetics. The latter includes first- and second-order reactions, as well as methods for dealing with the kinetics of complex reaction mechanisms.
PREREQUISITE: Chemistry 112, Mathematics 191-192, or Mathematics 112 with permission of the Chair
Three lecture hours and three hours laboratory a week

241 ORGANIC CHEMISTRY I
This course introduces students to the structure and reactivity of hydrocarbons and functional groups, stereochemistry, aromaticity, nucleophilicity and electrophilicity, basic types of organic reactions and the application of spectroscopy to structure elucidation.
PREREQUISITE: Chemistry 112
Three lecture hours and three hours laboratory a week
NOTE: Credit cannot be obtained for both Chemistry 241 and Chemistry 243.

242 ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II
This course provides a detailed examination of reactivity and mechanisms of organic reactions, including nucleophilic substitution, elimination, addition, electrophilic aromatic substitution, reactions of carbonyl compounds, and rearrangements. Some multistep synthesis and polymers (including biopolymers) are also discussed.
PREREQUISITE: Chemistry 241
Three lecture hours and three laboratory hours a week
NOTE: Credit cannot be obtained for both Chemistry 242 and Chemistry 243.

243 ORGANIC CHEMISTRY FOR THE LIFE SCIENCES
This course is an introduction to organic chemistry for students in the life sciences (and others who do not intend to pursue a major in chemistry). Topics covered include the structure and reactivity of hydrocarbons and functional groups, stereochemistry, aromaticity, nucleophilicity and electrophilicity. Basic types of reactions discussed include nucleophilic substitution, elimination, addition, oxidation/reduction and reactions of carbonyl compounds.
PREREQUISITE: Chemistry 112
Three lecture hours and three hours laboratory a week.
NOTE: Credit cannot be obtained for both Chemistry 243 and Chemistry 241 or 242.

272 INORGANIC CHEMISTRY I
This course examines the descriptive chemistry of the main group elements and their compounds; periodic trends in reactivity, structure and physical properties. Other topics include: electronic configuration, an introduction to symmetry operations and symmetry elements, bonding theories (molecular orbital theory), acid-base theory, and special topics (industrial application, bioinorganic chemistry).
PREREQUISITE: Chemistry 112
Three lecture hours and four laboratory hours a week

282 (formerly 382) INTRODUCTION TO SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH
This course introduces students to some of the basic skills required in planning and reporting scientific research. It includes electronic searching of the literature, planning and design of experiments, analysis of experimental data, assessment of experimental error, scientific proof, ethics in research, scientific publications, social media, and scientific presentations. 
PREREQUISITE: Chemistry 112
Three lecture hours a week

322 ANALYTICAL INSTRUMENTATION
This course introduces a variety of instrumentation techniques, and examines the theory, advantages and limitations associated with each. Topics include UV-visible absorption spectroscopy, atomic absorption and emission spectroscopy, operational components of spectrophotometers; electro- analytical methods, potentiometric methods, ion-specific electrodes, voltammetry, liquid chromatography, gas chromatography, spreadsheet methods and statistical software.
PREREQUISITE: Chemistry 221 and Chemistry 361 or permission of the Chair
Three lecture hours and four laboratory hours a week

331 PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY II
This course is an introduction to quantum mechanics and spectroscopy for chemists. Topics covered include blackbody radiation, the photoelectric effect, diffraction, particle in a box, rigid rotor, harmonic oscillator and hydrogen atom in detail. The course will also explore the interaction of light with matter and applications to rotational, vibrational and electronic spectroscopy.
PREREQUISITE: Chemistry 231 with a minimum of 60% and Mathematics 291
Three lecture hours and three hours laboratory a week

342 ADVANCED ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
This course addresses the application of structure elucidation and synthetic methods to organic chemistry. Topics covered include: enolates, enamines, functional group interconversion, polycyclic and heterocyclic aromatic compounds, cycloadditions, rearrangements, multistep syntheses, and natural product synthesis.
PREREQUISITE: Chemistry 241/242 with a combined minimum average of 60% and Chemistry 361
Three lecture hours and four laboratory hours a week

353 BIOCHEMISTRY
This course is an introduction to biochemistry. Topics covered include the structure and function of biomolecules and their building blocks; protein structure; enzyme mechanism and kinetics; cell membrane structure and transmembrane signalling; thermodynamics of metabolism and an overview of the major metabolic pathways; DNA replication, transcription and translation of RNA for protein synthesis. The tutorial portion of the course focuses on the physical and chemical properties of proteins and enzymes. Students learn modern biochemistry techniques including ion-exchange and affinity chromatography, spectroscopy and enzyme assays.
PREREQUISITE: Chemistry 242 or Chemistry 243
Three lecture hours and two hours tutorial a week

361 SPECTROSCOPIC METHODS IN STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS
This course examines ultraviolet, visible, infrared and n.m.r. spectroscopy and mass spectrometry in terms of the physical processes responsible for the energy absorption and ion generation. Problems associated with the recording and interpretation of spectra are addressed and the application of spectral analysis to structural identification is stressed.
PREREQUISITE: Chemistry 241/242 with a combined minimum average of 60%
Three lecture hours and three hours laboratory a week

374 INORGANIC CHEMISTRY II
This course introduces the chemistry of the transition metals, focusing on coordination and organotransition metal compounds. It discusses the geometry, bonding models (ligand field theory, molecular orbital theory, isolobal analogy), and electronic properties of the transition metals and their compounds. It examines specific families with respect to their chemical and physical properties and their reactivity (ligand substitution, oxidative addition, reductive elimination, insertion reactions) as related to their structure and bonding. Other topics include application to industrial processes and bioinorganic chemistry.
PREREQUISITE: Chemistry  272  with a minimum of 60%, and  Chemistry  361  must  be  taken  at  least  concurrently
Three lecture hours and three hours laboratory a week

432 METHODS IN COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY
In this class we will review the theoretical foundations of quantum mechanics as well as undergo practical investigations of real-world chemical problems using modern quantum chemical software. Topics include methods in first principles simulations such as Hartree-Fock, perturbation theory, configuration interaction, coupled cluster and density functional theories in addition to more approximate methods such as semi-empirical approaches and molecular mechanics force fields.
PREREQUISITE: Chemistry 331 with a minimum of 60%
Three lecture hours a week

441 PHYSICAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
This course examines the qualitative and quantitative relationships between the rates and mechanisms of organic reactions, and the electronic and physical structures of reactants. Among the topics considered are: theory and applications of inductive and resonance effects, linear free energy relationships, kinetic isotope effects, solvent effects, steric effects in substitution and elimination reactions, acids and bases and pericyclic reactions, applications of semi-empirical and ab initio molecular orbital calculations.
PREREQUISITE: Chemistry 342 with a minimum of 60%
Three lecture hours a week

461-462 DIRECTED STUDIES IN CHEMISTRY
These courses may be offered at the discretion of the Department to advanced students. Conditions under which they are offered and entry will be subject to the approval of the Chair of the Department and the Dean of Science. (See Academic Regulation 9 for Regulations Governing Directed Studies.)

464 POLYMER CHEMISTRY
This course examines the synthesis, properties, and applications of organic polymers. Topics include: ionic, radical and condensation polymerizations, as well as the newer catalytic methods.
PREREQUISITE: Chemistry 241/242 with a combined minimum average of 60%
Three lecture hours and a one-hour laboratory a week

467 INORGANIC REACTION MECHANISMS AND CATALYSIS
Inorganic reaction mechanisms are discussed, with an emphasis on catalytic cycles and the application of organometallic compounds to synthesis. Topics include: basic inorganic reaction mechanisms, catalytic cycles and catalysis, application of organometallic chemistry to modern industrial synthesis and polymerization reactions, and chirality and enantioselectivity in catalysis. Fundamental concepts will be supplemented with material from the current literature to explore the broad range of interdisciplinary applications of inorganic and organometallic catalysts.
PREREQUISITE: Chemistry 374 with a minimum of 60%
Three lecture hours a week

468 ADVANCED INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
This course deals with advanced topics in Inorganic Chemistry. Topics include: bioinorganic chemistry, green chemistry, solid state inorganic chemistry and advanced coverage of molecular orbital theory and bonding in transition metal and main group complexes. This course will also introduce advance spectroscopic techniques, including X-ray diffraction, Mossbauer spectroscopy and multi-nuclear NMR spectroscopy. The current literature is explored to illustrate the broad range and interdisciplinary nature of inorganic chemistry.
PREREQUISITE: Chemistry 374 with a minimum of 60%
Three lecture hours a week

469 MATERIALS CHEMISTRY
This course discusses current topics in materials chemistry. Topics include the synthesis and characterization of intercalation compounds, conductive polymers and their applications, semiconductors and their applications, defects in inorganic solids, and transport measurements.
PREREQUISITE: Chemistry 241/242 with a combined minimum average of 60%, 331, 374 with a minimum of 60% in these courses
Three lecture hours a week

481 SPECIAL TOPICS
A course in which topics or issues are explored outside the core area.

482 ADVANCED RESEARCH PROJECT
A laboratory research course designed to review, unify, and augment the content of previous chemistry courses and to provide an introduction to chemical research. Students will abstract and adapt procedures from the chemical literature and apply them in a one-semester research project carried out under the supervision of a Faculty Member. Components in the evaluation include a written thesis and its oral presentation.
PREREQUISITES: All Chemistry courses of a 300 level or lower which are required for the Chemistry Major program must be completed or taken concurrently. Entry to this course is contingent upon the student finding a departmental faculty member willing to supervise the research and permission of the department.
Twelve hours laboratory a week (minimum) Six semester hours of credit

483 ADVANCED CHEMISTRY LABORATORY
A capstone laboratory course designed to integrate and augment the content of previous chemistry courses in organic, in- organic, physical and analytical chemistry. Students will select and carry out a number of short projects which are developed by faculty members in the various areas of Chemistry. Students will be evaluated on their development of experimental procedures based on the chemical literature, scientific record-keeping, and preparation of reports.
PREREQUISITES: All Chemistry courses of a 300 level or lower which are required for the Chemistry Major program must be completed or taken concurrently.
Six hours laboratory and one hour seminar a week

490 HONOURS RESEARCH AND THESIS
This course is a laboratory course focused on a project of original research. The course carries twelve semester hours of credit and is required of every Honours student in their final year of undergraduate study. The project is designed during the second semester of the prior year and intensive experimental work is conducted during the final year, for a minimum average of twelve hours per week, under the direction of an advisor and an advisory committee. The research results are reported in thesis format and are presented orally to the Department faculty and students.
PREREQUISITE: Acceptance to the Honours Program
Twelve semester hours of credit