What is epidermolysis bullosa?
The term epidermolysis bullosa refers to a group of hereditary skin diseases that occur in people, and rarely in dogs. In all forms there is blistering of the skin in response to mild trauma. The 3 major forms are epidermolysis bullosa simplex, junctional epidermolysis bullosa, and dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa, classified based on the location of the structural defects (and associated blisters) within the different layers of the skin.
How is epidermolysis bullosa inherited?
From the few cases studied to date, the mode of inheritance is thought to be autosomal recessive.
What breeds are affected by epidermolysis bullosa?
The first reports of this condition were in collies and Shetland sheepdog and their crosses, but these were probably cases of mild dermatomyositis without muscle involvement.
Dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa has occurred in several Beauceron pups (Berger de Beauce) and also in a small number of German shorthaired pointers.
For many breeds and many disorders, the studies to determine the mode of inheritance or the frequency in the breed have not been carried out, or are inconclusive. We have listed breeds for which there is a consensus among those investigating in this field and among veterinary practitioners, that the condition is significant in this breed.
What does epidermolysis bullosa mean to your dog & you?
Severely affected pups develop blisters and crusted erosive ulcers on the footpads, face, genital region and ears, and in the mouth. Mildly affected dogs develop occasional blisters in these areas, especially if there is friction or trauma to the skin.
How is epidermolysis bullosa diagnosed?
Diagnosis is by skin biopsy. This is a simple procedure, done with local anesthetic, in which your veterinarian removes a small sample of your dog's skin for examination by a veterinary pathologist.
How is epidermolysis bullosa treated?
There is no specific treatment for epidermolysis bullosa, but dogs that are mildly affected can lead a relatively normal life with management of their surroundings to minimize trauma, and appropriate treatment of occasional secondary infections.
Affected dogs and their close relatives should not be used for breeding.
FOR MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THIS DISORDER, PLEASE SEE YOUR VETERINARIAN.
Scott, D.W., Miller, W.H., Griffin, C.E. 1995. Muller and Kirk's Small Animal Dermatology. p. 756. W.B. Saunders Co., Toronto.
Copyright © 1998 Canine Inherited Disorders Database. All rights reserved.
Revised: October 30, 2001.This database is funded jointly by the Sir James Dunn Animal Welfare Centre at the Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, and the Canadian Veterinary Medical Association.