related terms: lacrimal puncta atresia, epiphora

What is an imperforate lacrimal punctum?

Tears are produced normally to lubricate and cleanse the surface of the eye. The lacrimal punctum is the opening in the corner of the eye through which the tears drain into the nasolacrimal duct. If the lacrimal duct does not open at the punctum (ie. is imperforate), the tears overflow onto the face and, over time, there is rust-coloured staining of the coat in the corner of the eye. An imperforate lacrimal punctum is inherited in some breeds; however the punctum may become blocked in any animal due to inflammation or infectious disease.

How is imperforate lacrimal punctum inherited?

The mode of inheritance is unknown.

What breeds are affected by imperforate lacrimal punctum?

American and English cocker spaniel, Bedlington terrier, toy and miniature poodle. This occurs sporadically in other breeds as well.

For many breeds and many disorders, the studies to determine the mode of inheritance or the frequency in the breed have not been carried out, or are inconclusive. We have listed breeds for which there is a consensus among those investigating in this field and among veterinary practitioners, that the condition is significant in this breed.

What does an imperforate lacrimal punctum mean to your dog & you?

There is a chronic overflow of tears onto the face, in one or both eyes. In dogs with light coats, rust-coloured staining will develop over time. There are no other associated problems.

How is imperforate lacrimal punctum diagnosed?

Your veterinarian will flush the nasolacrimal system to determine if an imperforate punctum is the cause of the excess tearing (called epiphora).

How is imperforate lacrimal punctum treated?

Your veterinarian will identify where the punctum should open by flushing the nasolacrimal duct under general anaesthetic, and then make a small incision to open it.

FOR MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THIS DISORDER, PLEASE SEE YOUR VETERINARIAN.

Copyright © 1998 Canine Inherited Disorders Database. All rights reserved.
Revised: April 11, 2000.