This is a disorder of hyperpigmentation (an increase of the dark pigment melanin) in the skin. This condition can occur in any breed secondary to other skin disorders, but the inherited primary form is seen almost exclusively in the dachshund.
How is acanthosis nigricans inherited?
The mode of inheritance has not been established, although autosomal recessive or polygenic inheritance has been proposed.
What breeds are affected by acanthosis nigricans?
Primary acanthosis nigricans occurs almost exclusively in the dachshund.
For many breeds and many disorders, the studies to determine the mode of inheritance or the frequency in the breed have not been carried out, or are inconclusive. We have listed breeds for which there is a consensus among those investigating in this field and among veterinary practitioners, that the condition is significant in this breed.
What does acanthosis nigricans mean to your dog & you?
The disorder first appears at 3 to 12 months of age. It starts in the underarm region as darkening of the skin, which gradually becomes thickened, leathery, and hairless. Often the groin region is affected, and sometimes the condition spreads to other parts of the body as well.
Commonly there is seborrhea (the skin becomes greasy with a rancid odour) and this sets up a favorable environment for a yeast or bacterial infection to develop. These conditions usually cause itchiness, and your dog's scratching can cause trauma to the skin and a worsening of the problem.
How is acanthosis nigricans diagnosed?
Diagnosis is based on the typical appearance of this condition in a young dachshund.
For the veterinarian: Malassezia dermatitis and staphylococcal pyoderma are common secondary invaders with acanthosis nigricans.
How is acanthosis nigricans treated?
Primary acanthosis nigricans can not be cured, but it can be successfully managed. Your veterinarian will advise you on ways to achieve this, through such measures as regular bathing with anti-seborrheic shampoos, and through appropriate treatment of any secondary conditions that develop.
For the veterinarian: Topical therapy, oral vitamin E, corticosteroids, and injectable melatonin have all been used with some success.
Preferably, affected dachshunds should not be used for breeding.
FOR MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THIS DISORDER, PLEASE SEE YOUR VETERINARIAN.
Scott, D.W., Miller, W.H., Griffin, C.E. 1995. Muller and Kirk's Small Animal Dermatology. pp. 782-4. W.B. Saunders Co., Toronto.
Copyright © 1998 Canine Inherited Disorders Database. All rights reserved.
Revised: October 30, 2001.This database is funded jointly by the Sir James Dunn Animal Welfare Centre at the Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, and the Canadian Veterinary Medical Association.